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LECTURE OBJECTIVES (Instructional goals)1. Recognize that two laws of thermodynamics guide the nature of energy transformations.
2. Compare the energy transformations / reactions involved in photosynthesis and cellular respiration, showing how these processes are related.
3. Distinguish between exergonic vs. endergonic reactions.
4. Explain the need for enzymes in the maintenance of living things, and describe what happens when an enzyme and substrate combine (recognize that enzymes catalyze biological reactions by lowering the energy of activation needed to break/form chemical bonds).
5. Explain the role of cofactors (e.g., vitamins) in enzyme operation.
6. Describe the effects of enzyme inhibitors and [other] environmental factors, such as temperature, pH and salt, on enzymes.
7. Describe how ATP functions as a universal energy shuttle, carrying energy in usable chunks from large storage molecules to places in cells where work needs to be done.
8. Define selected key terms
LECTURE QUIZ
1. Define energy and give an example:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Example: _______________________________________________________________________________
Name the two major forms of energy, and give an example
• 2. ________________________________________________ Example: ______________________________________________________
• 3. ________________________________________________ Example: ______________________________________________________
Describe the two laws of thermodynamics:
4. 1st law: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. 2nd law: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Name the two major metabolic “energy-transforming pathways” in living organism:
6. _____________________________________________________________________________________
7. _____________________________________________________________________________________
8. Explain what an enzyme is, give an example:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Example: _________________________________________
9. Explain what ATP is and state the full name:_____________________________________________________
Full name of ATP: _______________________________________-_____________________________________
10a. Explain the difference between “exergonic” and “endergonic” reactions:
exergonic: _______________________________________________________________________________________
endergonic: _______________________________________________________________________________________
10b. Explain the term “activation energy”:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
a. plants
b. plants and algae
c. plants and some bacteria
d. plants, algae, and some bacteria
e. none of the above
12. Explain the figure below:
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General Biology Hub | LECTURE LEARNING TOOLS |
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